Facilitated diffusion's is the mechanism which is highly selective passive process. In facilitated diffusion special proteins help in movement of substances across the membrane without expenditure of ATP energy because facilitated diffusion cause net transport of molecules from a low to high concentration and this would not require input of energy.

(a) The cell swell in hypotonic solution and shrink in hypertonic solution.

(b) Imbibition is a special type of diffusion when water is adsorbed by living cells.

(c) Most of the water flow in roots occurs via the apoplast way.

The minerals absorbed are transported up the stem, to all parts of plant through the transpiration stream. The chief sinks for the mineral elements are the growing region of the plant, such as the apical and lateral meristems, young leaves, developing flowers, fruits, seeds and the storage organs. Unloading of the mineral ions occurs via fine vein endings through diffusion and active uptake by the cells. In plants, xylem are involved in transport of inorganic nutrients where phloem transport only organic materials.

Mineral ions are frequently remobilised from older parts of plant like leaves to the younger regions. Elements most readily mobilisal are phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen, potassium, and some elements that forms the structurel component are not remobilised e.g., calcium.

The plant exudate (plant sap) is a mixture of the organic/inorganic compounds and ions, minerals, sugars and amino acids. If we chemically analyse these we can get to know which mineral nutrient is transported in which form in the plants. e.g., nitrogen is absorbed and transported a is $\mathrm{NO}_2$ and $\mathrm{NO}_3$ and sulphur in sulphate ion forms etc.

The life of cut plant in a vase can be increased by placing them in water immediately as air will rapidly move into the water conducting tissue and plug the cell. Also, providi nutrients and elements in a varied concentration can increase the life span of plants.

One phytohormone called cytokine can also be sprayed or plants can be dipped in the solution, as it delays the senescence of plant.