The three physical properties of water that helps in ascent up to xylem are as given

Cohesive properties	Mutal attraction between molecules
Adhesive properties	Attraction of water molecules to polar surfaces (of tracheids)
Surface tension	Water molecules get attracted to each other more in liquid phase than in gas phase.

If gardener forgets to water the plants, it will start it wilting (a physiological state of plant in which plant leaves droop down). If watered in time, the plant may recover and become normal. But in second condition, if watering is delayed, the plant will not recover as if it reaches at physiological wilting stage, it will not recover and dies.

Facilitated diffusion's is the mechanism which is highly selective passive process. In facilitated diffusion special proteins help in movement of substances across the membrane without expenditure of ATP energy because facilitated diffusion cause net transport of molecules from a low to high concentration and this would not require input of energy.

(a) The cell swell in hypotonic solution and shrink in hypertonic solution.

(b) Imbibition is a special type of diffusion when water is adsorbed by living cells.

(c) Most of the water flow in roots occurs via the apoplast way.

The minerals absorbed are transported up the stem, to all parts of plant through the transpiration stream. The chief sinks for the mineral elements are the growing region of the plant, such as the apical and lateral meristems, young leaves, developing flowers, fruits, seeds and the storage organs. Unloading of the mineral ions occurs via fine vein endings through diffusion and active uptake by the cells. In plants, xylem are involved in transport of inorganic nutrients where phloem transport only organic materials.

Mineral ions are frequently remobilised from older parts of plant like leaves to the younger regions. Elements most readily mobilisal are phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen, potassium, and some elements that forms the structurel component are not remobilised e.g., calcium.