The Living World's Question 17 | Biology XI | NCERT Exemplar Questions

Botany

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Which is the largest botanical garden in the world? Name a few well known Botanical gardens in India.

Explanation

The largest botanical garden in the world is Royal Botanical Garden (RBG, Kew, London) The famous well known botanical gardens in India are

(i) Indian Botanical Garden, Sibpur, Kolkata.

(ii) Lloyd Botanical Garden, Darjeeling.

(iii) Botanical Garden of FRI, Dehradun (UK).

(iv) National Botanical Garden (NBG) Lucknow, UP.

A ball of snow when rolled over snow increases in mass, volume and size. Is this comparable to growth as seen in living organisms? Why?

Explanation

Growth in biological terms is characteristic feature of all living organisms. It relates to increase in size by accumulation of protoplasm in the cell thus results in increase in size of the cell. Whereas increase in number of cell by cell division results is the size of individual organism.

Snow is an inanimate (non-living) object, while rolling over snow, it gathers more snow on its surface thus, it increases in size by physical phenomenon but not by biological phenomenon. So, this growth cannot be compared to that seen in living organisms.

In a given habitat we have 20 plant species and 20 animal species. Should we call this as 'diversity or biodiversity'? Justify your answer.

Explanation

In a given habitat, there are existing 20 plant species and 20 animal species. They will of course exhibit the biodiversity of that given habitat because diversity refers to variation in a broad term and can be applied to any area. Whereas biodiversity is a degree of variation of life forms within a specified area.

International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) has provided a code for classification of plants. Give hierarchy of units of classification, botanists follow while classifying plants and mention different 'suffixes' used for the units.

Explanation

ICBN has specified certain rules and principles is order to facilitate the study of plants by botanists. It helps in correct positioning of any newly discovered organism through proper identification and nomenclature.

Given below is the taxonomic hierarchy, which is used while classifying any plant Kingdom-Plantae

Division-phyta

Class-ae

Order-ales

Family-eae/ceae

Genus-First name of organism usually carrying Latin word and written in italics.

Species-Second word of scientific name, also written in italics.

A plant species shows several morphological variations in response to altitudinal gradient. When grown under similar conditions of growth, the morphological variations disappear and all the variants have common morphology. What are these variants called?

Explanation

These variants are called biotypes. It is a group of genetically similar plants showing similarity when grown in same environmental and geographical regions. The same environment provide them the similar abiotic factors like soil, pH , temperature, etc. When they are grown in two different geographical regions, they are exposed to different abiotic characters thus, it affects their growth and development bringing changes in their external morphological features but, they have the same genetic constitution.

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