Pneumatophores Roots are the organs meant for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil. Cells of roots require $\mathrm{O}_2$ to respire. In swampy areas, soil does not have air, so no $\mathrm{O}_2$ is available to them.

In such cases, roots come out of the soil shows negative geotropism and breathe after coming in contact with air, e.g., Rhizophora. Such roots are called pneumatophores respiratory roots.

In Pistia and Eichhornia, in these floating plantes, the stem is like a runner where it branches to form leaves at the apex and roots below. The roots are found near the surface of water as both the plants are hydrophytes.

Dicot and monocot plants All dicot plants have reticulate venation (i.e., veinlets forms network) except is Alocasia and Smilex, whereas all monocot plants have parallel venation (veins run parallel to each other within a lamina) with the exception Calophyllum.

The edible part of ginger is the modified stem rhizome which stores food material whereas in onion the edible part is fleshy leaves. In this case, the internode becomes shortened, leaves get condensed to form a tunic and store food material.

In epigynous flower, ovary is situated below the thalamus (inferior) while the other whorls of flower like sepals, petals and androecium grows above the ovary (superior), e.g., carrot, guava, Cucurbita, sunflower, etc.