Chemical Coordination and Integration's Question 23 | Biology XI | NCERT Exemplar Questions

23

State whether true or false

(a) Gastrointestinal tract, kidney and heart also produce hormones.

(b) Pars distalis produces six trophic hormones.

(c) B-lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunity.

(d) Insulin resistance results in a disease called diabetes mellitus.

Explanation

(a) Gastrointestinal tract, kidney and heart also produce hormones other than endocrine glands hence, the statement is True. Gl tract secretes hormones such as gastrin, secretin, cholecysto kienin etc., Kidney secretes renin and erythropectin. Heart secretes anti-natriuretic factor

(b) Pars distalis produces six trophic hormones, i.e., Growth Hormone (GH) Prolactin (PRL), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Adrinocortico Trophic Hormone (ACTH), Luteinising Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) hence, the statement is True.

(c) T-lymphocytes are involved in providing cell-mediated immunity not B-lymphocytes hence, the statement is False.

(d) The Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the failure of beta cells to produce adequate amount of insulin hence, results in a disease called diabetes mellitus. So, the statement is True.

24

A patient complains of constant thirst, excessive passing of urine and low blood pressure. When the doctor checked the patients' blood glucose and blood insulin level, the level were normal or slightly low. The doctor diagnosed the condition as diabetes insipidus. But he decided to measure one more hormone in patients blood. Which hormone does the doctor intend to measure?

Explanation

It is also known as hyperglycaemia hormone, and its action is opposite to that of insulin Excess of glucose in blood suppress the secretion of glucose, whereas fall in glucose level starts glucose production (since, doctor fend the slight line level of blood glucose)

25

Correct the following statements by replacing the term underlined.

(a) Insulin is a steroid hormone.

(b) TSH is secreted from the corpus luteum.

(c) Tetraiodothyronine is an emergency hormone.

(d) The pineal gland is located on the anterior part of the kidney.

Explanation

(a) Insulin is a peptide hormone

(b) TSH is secreted from the pars distalis region of pituitary.

(c) Adrenaline is an emergency hormone.

(d) The adrenal gland is located on the anterior part of the kidney.

26

Match the following columns.

	Column I		Column II
A.	Oxytocin	1.	Amino acid derivative
B.	Epinephrine	2.	Steroid
C.	Progesterone	3.	Protein
D.	Growth hormone	4.	Peptide

Explanation

The correct matching is as follows

	Column I		Column II
A.	Oxytocin	1.	Peptide
B.	Epinephrine	2.	Amino acid derivative
C.	Progesterone	3.	Steroid
D.	Growth hormone	4.	Protein

27

What is the role-played by luteinising hormones in males and females respectively?

Explanation

In males, luteinising hormone (LH) stimulates the synthesis and secretion of hormones called androgens from testis. Androgens along with FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) regulate spermatogenesis. In females, LH induces ovulation of fully mature follicles (Graafian follicles) and maintains the corpus luteum, formed from the remnants of the Graafian follicles after ovulation. Which secretes progesterone.