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12
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)
In breathing movements, air volume can be estimated by
A
stethoscope
B
hygrometer
C
sphygmomanometer
D
spirometer
13
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

From the following relationships between respiratory volume and capacities, mark the correct option.

(i) Inspiratory Capacity (IC) = Tidal Volume + Residual Volume

(ii) Vital Capacity (VC) = Tidal Volume (TV) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV).

(iii) Residual Volume (RV) = Vital Capacity (VC) - Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

(iv) Tidal Volume (TV) = Inspiratory Capacity (IC) - Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

A
(i) Incorrect, (ii) Incorrect, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct
B
(i) Incorrect, (ii) Correct, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct
C
(i) Correct, (ii) Correct, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct
D
(i) Correct, (ii) Incorrect, (iii) Correct, (iv) Incorrect
14
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)
The oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve will show a right shift in case of
A
high $p \mathrm{CO}_2$
B
high $\mathrm{pO}_2$
C
low $\mathrm{pCO}_2$
D
less $\mathrm{H}^{+}$concentration
15
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

Match the following columns.

Column I Column II
A. Earthworm 1. Moist cuticle
B. Aquatic arthropods 2. Gills
C. Fishes 3. Lungs
D. Birds/Reptiles 4. Trachea

A
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
B
A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
C
A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
D
A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
16

Define the following terms?

(a) Tidal volume

(b) Residual volume

(c) Asthma

Explanation

(a) Tidal Volume (TV) is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal breath. This is about 500 mL , i.e., a healthy man inspire or expire about 6000 to 8000 mL of air per minute.

(b) Residual Volume (RV) is the volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration. It is about 1100 mL to 1200 mL .

(c) Asthma It is a disease caused due to an allergic reaction to foreign substances. The major symptoms are difficulty in breathing causing wheezing and coughing. Due to the inflammation of bronchi.

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