If $f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{cl}\frac{k \cos x}{\pi-2 x}, & \text { when } x \neq \frac{\pi}{2} \\ 3, & \text { when } x=\frac{\pi}{2}\end{array}\right.$ and $\lim _\limits{x \rightarrow \pi / 2} f(x)=f\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)$, then find the value of $k$.
$$\begin{aligned} \text{Given,}\quad f(x) & =\left\{\begin{array}{cc} \frac{k \cos x}{\pi-2 x}, & x \neq \frac{\pi}{2} \\ 3, & x=\frac{\pi}{2} \end{array}\right. \\ \therefore \quad\mathrm{LHL} & =\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi^{-}}{2}} \frac{k \cos x}{\pi-2 x}=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{k \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-h\right)}{\pi-2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-h\right)} \\ & =\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{k \sin h}{\pi-\pi+2 h}=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{k \sin h}{2 h} \\ & =\frac{k}{2} \lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin h}{h}=\frac{k}{2} \cdot 1=\frac{k}{2} \quad \left[\because \lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin x}{x}=1\right] \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} \mathrm{RHL} & =\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi^{+}}{2}} \frac{k \cos x}{\pi-2 x}=\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi}{2}}+\frac{k \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}+h\right)}{\pi-2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}+h\right)} \\ & =\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{-k \sin h}{\pi-\pi-2 h}=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{k \sin h}{2 h}=\frac{k}{2} \lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin h}{2 h}=\frac{k}{2} \text { and } f\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)=3 \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} &\text { It is given that, }\\ &\lim _{x \rightarrow \pi / 2} f(x)=f\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \Rightarrow \frac{k}{2}=3\\ &\therefore \quad k=6 \end{aligned}$$
If $f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}x+2, & x \leq-1 \\ c x^2, & x>-1\end{array}\right.$, then find $c$ when $\lim _\limits{x \rightarrow-1} f(x)$ exists.
$$\begin{aligned} \text{Given,}\quad f(x) & = \begin{cases}x+2, & x \leq-1 \\ c x^2, & x>-1\end{cases} \\ \mathrm{LHL} & =\lim _{x \rightarrow--^{-}} f(x)=\lim _{x \rightarrow-1^{-}}(x+2) \\ & =\lim _{h \rightarrow 0}(-1-h+2)=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0}(1-h)=1 \\ \mathrm{RHL} & =\lim _{x \rightarrow-1^{+}} f(x)=\lim _{x \rightarrow-1^{+}} c x^2=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} c(-1+h)^2 \\ \therefore\quad & =c \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned} &\text { If } \lim _{x \rightarrow-1} f(x) \text { exist, then } \mathrm{LHL}=\mathrm{RHL}\\ &\therefore \quad c=1 \end{aligned}$$
$\lim _\limits{x \rightarrow \pi} \frac{\sin x}{x-\pi}$ is equal to
$\lim _\limits{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{x^2 \cos x}{1-\cos x}$ is equal to
$\lim _\limits{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{(1+x)^n-1}{x}$ is equal to