ExamGOAL
Books
7
Subjective

If $(1+i) z=(1-i) \bar{z}$, then show that $z=-i \bar{z}$.

Explanation

We have, $$(1+i) z=(1-i) \bar{z} \Rightarrow \frac{z}{\bar{z}}=\frac{(1-i)}{(1+i)}$$

$$\begin{array}{ll} \Rightarrow & \frac{z}{\bar{z}}=\frac{(1-i)}{(1+i)} \frac{(1-i)}{(1-i)} \Rightarrow \frac{z}{\bar{z}}=\frac{1+i^2-2 i}{1-i^2} \quad [\because i^2=-1]\\ \Rightarrow & \frac{z}{\bar{z}}=\frac{1-1-2 i}{2} \Rightarrow \frac{z}{\bar{z}}=-i \end{array}$$

$\therefore\quad z=-i\bar{z}$

Hence proved.

8
Subjective

If $z=x+i y$, then show that $z \bar{z}+2(z+\bar{z})+b=0$, where $b \in R$, represents a circle.

Explanation

$$\begin{aligned} & \text { Given that, } \quad z=x+i y \\ & \text { Then, } \quad \bar{z}=x-iy\\ & \text { Now, } \quad z \bar{z}+2(z+\bar{z})+b=0 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad(x+i y)(x-i y)+2(x+i y+x-i y)+b=0 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad x^2+y^2+4 x+b=0,\\ &\text {which is the equation of a circle. } \end{aligned}$$

9
Subjective

If the real part of $\frac{\bar{z}+2}{\bar{z}-1}$ is 4 , then show that the locus of the point representing $z$ in the complex plane is a circle.

Explanation

$$\begin{aligned} \text{Let}\quad z & =x+i y \\ \text{Now,}\quad \frac{\bar{z}+2}{\bar{z}-1} & =\frac{x-i y+2}{x-i y-1} \end{aligned}$$

$$\begin{aligned} & =\frac{[(x+2)-i y][(x-1)+i y]}{[(x-1)-i y][(x-1)+i y]} \\ & =\frac{(x-1)(x+2)-i y(x-1)+i y(x+2)+y^2}{(x-1)^2+y^2} \\ & =\frac{(x-1)(x+2)+y^2+i[(x+2) y-(x-1) y]}{(x-1)^2+y^2} \quad\left[\because-i^2=1\right] \end{aligned}$$

Taking real part, $\quad \frac{(x-1)(x+2)+y^2}{(x-1)^2+y^2}=4$

$\Rightarrow \quad x^2-x+2 x-2+y^2=4\left(x^2-2 x+1+y^2\right)$

$\Rightarrow \quad 3 x^2+3 y^2-9 x+6=0$, which represents a circle.

Hence, $z$ lies on the circle.

10
Subjective

Show that the complex number $z$, satisfying the condition arg $\left(\frac{z-1}{z+1}\right)=\frac{\pi}{4}$ lies on a circle.

Explanation

$$\begin{aligned} & \text { Let } \quad z=x+i y \\ & \text { Given that, } \quad \arg \left(\frac{z-1}{z+1}\right)=\pi / 4 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \arg (z-1)-\arg (z+1)=\pi / 4 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \arg (x+i y-1)-\arg (x+i y+1)=\pi / 4 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \arg (x-1+i y)-\arg (x+1+i y)=\pi / 4 \end{aligned}$$

$$\begin{aligned} & \Rightarrow \quad \tan ^{-1} \frac{y}{x-1}-\tan ^{-1} \frac{y}{x+1}=\pi / 4 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \tan ^{-1}\left[\frac{\frac{y}{x-1}-\frac{y}{x+1}}{1+\left(\frac{y}{x-1}\right)\left(\frac{y}{x+1}\right)}\right]=\pi / 4 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \frac{y\left[\frac{x+1-x+1}{x^2-1}\right]}{\frac{x^2-1+y^2}{x^2-1}}=\tan \pi / 4 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \frac{2 y}{x^2+y^2-1}=1 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad x^2+y^2-1=2 y \\ & \Rightarrow \quad x^2+y^2-2 y-1=0 \text {, which represents a circle. } \end{aligned}$$

11
Subjective

Solve the equation $|z|=z+1+2 i$

Explanation

The given equation is $|z|=z+1+2 i$

Let $\quad z=x+i y$ .... (i)

From Eq. (i), $\quad|x+i y|=x+i y+1+2 i$

$\Rightarrow \quad \sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x+i y+1+2 i$ $\left[\because|z|+\sqrt{x^2=y^2}\right]$ $\Rightarrow \quad \sqrt{x^2+y^2}=(x+1)+i(y+2)$

On squaring both sides, we get

$$\begin{array}{ll} & x^2+y^2=(x+1)^2+i^2(y+2)^2+2 i(x+1)(y+2) \\ \Rightarrow \quad & x^2+y^2=x^2+2 x+1-y^2-4 y-4+2 i(x+1)(y+2) \end{array}$$

On comparing real and imaginary parts,

$$\begin{aligned} & x^2+y^2=x^2+2 x+1-y^2-4 y-4 \\ & \text { i.e., } \quad 2 y^2=2 x-4 y-3 \quad \text{... (ii)}\\ & \text { and } \quad 2(x+1)(y+2)=0 \\ & (x+1)=0 \text { or }(y+2)=0 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad x=-1 \text { or } y=-2 \\ & \text { For } x=-1 \text {, } \quad 2 y^2=-2-4 y-3 \end{aligned}$$

$2 y^2+4 y+5=0$ [using Eq. (ii)]

$$\begin{aligned} &\begin{array}{lrl} \Rightarrow & y & =\frac{-4 \pm \sqrt{16-2 \times 4 \times 5}}{4} \\ \Rightarrow & y & =\frac{-4 \pm \sqrt{-24}}{4} \notin R \\ \text { For } y=-2, & 2(-2)^2 & =2 x-4(-2)-3 \quad \text{\text { [usign Eq. (ii)] }}\\ \Rightarrow & 8 & =2 x+8-3 \\ \Rightarrow & 2 x & =3 \Rightarrow x=3 / 2 \\ \therefore & z & =x+i y=3 / 2-2 i \end{array}\\ \end{aligned}$$