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30
Differentiate between guttation and transpiration.
Explanation

Difference between guttation and transpiration is as follows

Guttation Transpiration
Guttation is the loss of liquid droplets from the plants. It is the loss of water by a plant in the form of vapours.
Guttated water is a dilute solution of both inorganic and organic substances. Transpired water is a pure water.
Guttation occurs at the margins and the tips of the leaves. Transpiration occurs through the general surface of the leaves and the young stem.
Excessive guttation does not cause loss of turgidity. Excessive transpiration results in wilting in severe cases, could be lethal to plant.

31
Transpiration is a necessary evil in plants. Explain
Explanation
The plant continuously lose water in the vapour form from its body surfaces. It creates a transpiration pull to absorb more and more water from soil through roots. If the plant does not get water in soil, even then loss through transpiration is not stopped, so plant shows wilting sometimes it leads to the physiological wilting (non-recoverable) and plant dies. So, the transpiration is necessary evil.
32
Describe briefly the three physical properties of water which helps in ascent of water in xylem.
Explanation

The three physical properties of water that helps in ascent up to xylem are as given

Cohesive properties Mutal attraction between molecules
Adhesive properties Attraction of water molecules to polar surfaces (of tracheids)
Surface tension Water molecules get attracted to each other more in liquid phase than in gas phase.

33
A gardener forgot to water a potted plant for a day during summer, what will happen to the plant? Do you think it is reversible? If yes, how?
Explanation
If gardener forgets to water the plants, it will start it wilting (a physiological state of plant in which plant leaves droop down). If watered in time, the plant may recover and become normal. But in second condition, if watering is delayed, the plant will not recover as if it reaches at physiological wilting stage, it will not recover and dies.
34

Identify a type of molecular movement which is highly selective and requires special membrane proteins, but does not require energy.

Explanation
Facilitated diffusion's is the mechanism which is highly selective passive process. In facilitated diffusion special proteins help in movement of substances across the membrane without expenditure of ATP energy because facilitated diffusion cause net transport of molecules from a low to high concentration and this would not require input of energy.