Which of the following will release more energy on oxidation? Arrange them in ascending order.
(a) 1 gm of fat
(b) 1 gm of protein
(c) 1 gm of glucose
(d) 0.5 gm of protein +0.5 gm glucose
The ascending order of substrate that will release more energy on oxidation will be as follows
1 gm protein $<0.5 \mathrm{gm}$ In protein $<1 \mathrm{gm}$ glucose $<1 \mathrm{gm}$ fat +0.5 gm glucose
The product of aerobic glycolysis in skeletal muscles is pyruvic acid while in anaerobic fermentation in yeast ethanol and $\mathrm{CO}_2$ are produced.
In the process of aerobic respiration, a single molecule of glucose can yield up to 36 ATP molecules. However, in fermentation or anaerobic respiration there is net gain of only 2 molecules of ATP from each glucose molecule, which is comparatively much less than that of aerobic respiration.
Hence, aerobic respiration is more efficient process.
Pyruvic acid is the end product of glycolysis. What are the three metabolic fates of pyruvic acid under aerobic and anaerobic conditions? Write in the space provided in the diagram.
The three metabolic products formed under aerobic and anaerobic conditions are
(i) Lactic acid (ii) Ethanol (iii) Acetyl Co -A
Lactic acid is formed by the oxidation of pyruvic acid in under anaerobic condition in skeletal muscles.
Ethanol is formed by the oxidation of pyruvic acid in yeast under anaerobic condition.
Acetyl Co-A is formed by the oxidation of pyruvic acid that take place within the mitochondria under aerobic condition.
Pyruvic acid $+\mathrm{Co}-\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{NAD}^{+} \frac{\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}}{\text { Pyruvate dehydrogenase }}$ Acetyl $\mathrm{Co}-\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{CO}_2+\mathrm{NADH}+\mathrm{H}^{+}$