27
Succulents are known to keep their stomata closed during the day to check transpiration. How do they meet their photosynthetic $\mathrm{CO}_2$ requirements?
Explanation
Succulent plants grow in dry and xeric conditions so, they have to shut down the stomata during day time, to prevent water loss through transpiration. So and the gaseous exchange does not take place.
Thus plants have developed the mechanism to fix $\mathrm{CO}_2$ during night in the form of malic acid, which is a 4 carbon compound and store $\mathrm{CO}_2$, release it during day, inside the photosynthetic cells.
28
Chlorophyll- $a^{\prime}$ is the primary pigment for the light reaction. What are accessory pigments? What is their role in photosynthesis?
Explanation
Accessory pigments are also photosynthetic pigments. These are chlorophyll-b, xanthophyll and carotenoids. These are not directly involved in emission of excited electrons, but they help in harvesting solar radiation and pass it on to chlorophyll-a.
This pigment itself absorbs maximum radiation at blue and red region. So, Chlorophylla is the chief pigment of photosynthesis and others (i.e., chlorophyll-b, xanthophyll and carotinoion) are accessory pegment.
29
Do reactions of photosynthesis called, as 'Dark Reaction' need light? Explain Dark reactions are actually light independent reactions.
Explanation
$\mathrm{CO}_2$ is reduced through various biochemical reactions to produce $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6$ (glucose) which does not need light. But they depend on the products formed during light reactions, i.e., $\mathrm{NADPH}_2$ and ATP.
30
How are photosynthesis and respiration related to each other?
Explanation
Photosynthesis and respiration are related, as in both mechanisms, the plants gain energy.
In photosynthesis, plants gain energy from solar radiations whereas, in respiration, they break down glucose molecule to get energy in the form of ATP molecules.
They are releted also because they are dependent on each other. The product of photosynthesis i.e., glucose (food) is utilised in respiration to yield energy (ATP). Which doing so, it releases many other simple molecules $\left(\mathrm{CO}_2+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)$ which are utilised in photosynthesis to produce more sugers.
31
If a green plant is kept in dark with proper ventilation, can this plant carry out photosynthesis? Can anything be given as supplement to maintain its growth or survival?
Explanation
The plant in given conditions can not carry out photosynthesis. Light is must for any green plant to make its own food.
The plant should be watered properly for its survival.