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69

Sum of two skew-symmetric matrices is always ........... matrix.

Explanation

Let $A$ is a given matrix, then $(-A)$ is a skew-symmetric matrix. Similarly, for a given matrix $-B$ is a skew-symmetric matrix. Hence, $-A-B=-(A+B) \Rightarrow$ sum of two skew-symmetric matrices is always skew-symmetric matrix.

70

The negative of a matrix is obtained by multiplying it by ............ .

Explanation

Let $A$ is a given matrix.

$\therefore \quad-A=-1[A]$

So, the negative of a matrix is obtained by multiplying it by $-1$.

71

The product of any matrix by the scalar ............. is the null matrix.

Explanation

The product of any matrix by the scalar 0 is the null matrix. i.e., $0 \cdot A=0$. [where, $A$ is any matrix]

72

A matrix which is not a square matrix is called a ........... matrix.

Explanation

A matrix which is not a square matrix is called a rectangular matrix. For example a rectangular matrix is $A=\left[a_{i j}\right]_{m \times n}$, where $m \neq n$.

73

Matrix multiplication is ........... over addition.

Explanation

Matrix multiplication is distributive over addition.

e.g., For three matrices $A, B$ and $C$,

(i) $A(B+C)=A B+A C$

(ii) $(A+B) C=A C+B C$