States of Matter's Question 46 | Chemistry XI - Part 1 | NCERT Exemplar Questions

Physical Chemistry

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Structure of Atom States of Matter Thermodynamics Equilibrium

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

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MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

Assertion (A) The temperature at which vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure is called boiling temperature.

Reason (R) At high altitude atmospheric pressure is high.

Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$

Both $A$ and $R$ are true but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$

A is true but R is false

$A$ is false but $R$ is true

MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

Assertion (A) Gases do not liquefy above their critical temperature, even on applying high pressure.

Reason (R) Above critical temperature, the molecular speed is high and intermolecular attractions cannot hold the molecules together because they escape because of high speed.

Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$

Both $A$ and $R$ are true but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$

$A$ is true but $R$ is false

$A$ is false but $R$ is true

MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

Assertion (A) At critical temperature liquid passes into gaseous state imperceptibly and continuously.

Reason (R) The density of liquid and gaseous phase is equal to critical temperature.

Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$

Both $A$ and $R$ are true but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$

$A$ is true but $R$ is false

$A$ is false but $R$ is true

MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

Assertion (A) Liquids tend to have maximum number of molecules at their surface.

Reason (R) Small liquid drops have spherical shape.

Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$

Both $A$ and $R$ are true but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$

$A$ is true but $R$ is false

$A$ is false but $R$ is true

Subjective

Isotherms of carbon dioxide at various temperatures are represented in figure. Answer the following questions based on this figure.

(i) In which state will $\mathrm{CO}_2$ exist between the points $a$ and $b$ at temperature $T_1$ ?

(ii) At what point will $\mathrm{CO}_2$ start liquefying when temperature is $T_1$ ?

(iii) At what point will $\mathrm{CO}_2$ be completely liquefied when temperature is $T_2$ ?

(iv) Will condensation take place when the temperature is $T_3$ ?

(v) What portion of the isotherm at $T_1$ represent liquid and gaseous $\mathrm{CO}_2$ at equilibrium?

Explanation

(i) In gaseous state, $\mathrm{CO}_2$ will exist between the points $a$ and $b$ at temperature $T_1$.

(ii) At point $b$, the plot becomes linear, this shows the phase transition, i.e., liquification of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ starts and at point $c$, it gets completely liquified.

(iii) Similarly, at temperature $T_2, g$ is the point at which $\mathrm{CO}_2$ will be completely liquified.

(iv) Condensation will not take place at $T_3$ temperature because $T_3>T_{\mathrm{C}}$ (critical temperature). (v) Between $b$ and $c$, liquid and gaseous $\mathrm{CO}_2$ are in equilibrium.

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