Pressure versus volume graph for a real gas and an ideal gas are shown in figure. Answer the following questions on the basis of this graph.
(i) Interpret the behaviour of real gas with respect to ideal gas at low pressure.
(ii) Interpret the behaviour of real gas with respect to ideal gas at high pressure.
(iii) Mark the pressure and volume by drawing a line at the point where real gas behaves as an ideal gas.
(i) At low pressure, the real gas shows very small deviation from ideal behaviour because the two curves almost coincide at low pressure.
(ii) At high pressure, the real gas show large deviations from ideal behaviour as the curves are far apart.
(iii) At point ' $A$ ', both the curves intersect each other. At this point real gas behaves as an ideal gas. $p_1$ and $V_1$ are the pressure and volume which corresponds to this point $A$.
Match the graphs between the following variables with their names.
| Graphs | Names | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Pressure vs temperature graph at constant molar volume | 1. | Isotherms |
| B. | Pressure vs volume graph at constant temperature | 2. | Constant temperature curve |
| C. | Volume vs temperature graph at constant pressure | 3. | Isochores |
| 4. | Isobars |
$$\mathrm{A.\to(3)\quad \mathrm{B.} \to (1)\quad \mathrm{C.}\to(4)}$$
A. When molar volume is constant, the $p-T$ graph is called isochore.
B. When temperature is constant, the $p-V$ graph is called isotherm.
C. When pressure is constant, $V-T$ graph is called isobar.
Match the following gas laws with the equation representing them.
| Graphs | Names | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Boyle's law | 1. | $V \propto n$ at constant $T$ and $p$ |
| B. | Charle's law | 2. | $p_{\text {Total }}=p_1+p_2+p_3+\ldots$ at constant $T, V$ |
| C. | Dalton's law | 3. | $\frac{p V}{T}=$ constant |
| D. | Avogadro's law | 4. | $V \propto T$ at constant $n$ and $p$ |
| 5. | $p \propto \frac{1}{V}$ at constant $n$ and $T$ |
A. $\rightarrow(5)$
B. $\rightarrow(4)$
C. $\rightarrow(2)$
D. $\rightarrow$ (1)
A. Boyle's law, $p \propto \frac{1}{V}$ at constant $T$ and $n$.
B. Charle's law, $V \propto T$ at constant $p$ and $n$.
C. Dalton's law, $p_{\text {Total }}=p_1+p_2+p_3+\ldots$ at constant $T, V$.
D. Avogadro's law, $V \propto n$ at constant $T$ and $p$.
Match the following graphs of ideal gas with their coordinates.
| Graphical representation | X and Y coordinates | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. |  |
1. | $$pV$$ vs. $$V$$ |
| B. | |
2. | $$p$$ vs. $$V$$ |
| C. |  |
3. | $$p$$ vs. $$\frac{1}{V}$$ |
A. $\rightarrow(2)$
B. $\rightarrow$ (3)
C. $\rightarrow$ (1)
Assertion (A) Three states of matter are the result of balance between intermolecular forces and thermal energy of the molecules.
Reason (R) Intermolecular forces tend to keep the molecules together but thermal energy of molecules tends to keep them apart.