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52
Subjective

Match the species in Column I with the type of hybrid orbitals in Column II.

Column I Column II
A. SF$$_4$$ 1. sp$$^3$$d$$^2$$
B. IF$$_5$$ 2. d$$^2$$sp$$^3$$
C. NO$$_2^+$$ 3. sp$$^3d$$
D. NH$$_4^+$$ 4. sp$$^3$$
5. sp

Explanation

A. $\rightarrow$ (3)

B. $\rightarrow$ (1)

C. $\rightarrow(5)$

D. $\rightarrow(4)$

$$\text { A. } \begin{aligned} \mathrm{SF}_4 & =\text { number of } b p(4)+\text { number of } l p(1) \\ & =s p^3 d \text { hybridisation } \end{aligned}$$

B. $\mathrm{IF}_5=$ number of $b p(5)+$ number of $l p(1)$ $=s p^3 d^2$ hybridisation

$$\begin{aligned} \text { C. } \mathrm{NO}_2^{+} & =\text {number of } b p(2)+\text { number of } l p(0) \\ & =\text { sphybridisation }\end{aligned}$$

D. $\mathrm{NH}_4^{+}=$number of $b p(4)+$ number of $l p(0)$ $=s p^3$ hybridisation.

53
Subjective

Match the species in Column I with the geometry/shape in Column II.

Column I Column II
A. $$
\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{O}^{+}
$$
1. Linear
B. $$
\mathrm{HC} \equiv \mathrm{CH}
$$
2. Angular
C. $$
\mathrm{ClO}_2^{-}
$$
3. Tetrahedral
D. NH$$_4^+$$ 4. Trigonal bipyramidal
5. Pyramidal

Explanation

A. $\rightarrow(5)$

B. $\rightarrow$ (1)

C. $\rightarrow(2)$

$\mathrm{D} \rightarrow(3)$

A. $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{O}^{+}=3 b p+1 / p$ pyramidal shape

B. $\mathrm{HC} \equiv \mathrm{CH} \Rightarrow$ linear as sphybridised shape

C. $\mathrm{ClO}_2^{-}=2 b p+2 / p \Rightarrow$ angular shape

D. $\mathrm{NH}_4^{+}=4 b p+0 / p \Rightarrow$ tetrahedral shape

54
Subjective

Match the species in Column I with the bond order in Column II.

Column I Column II
A. NO 1. 1.5
B. CO 2. 2.0
C. O$$_2^-$$ 3. 2.5
D. O$$_2$$ 4. 3.0

Explanation

A. $\rightarrow$ (3)

B. $\rightarrow$ (4)

C. $\rightarrow(1)$

D. $\rightarrow(2)$

$$ \begin{gathered} \text { A. } N O(7+8=15)=\sigma 1 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 1 s^2, \sigma 2 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 2 s^2, \sigma 2 p_z^2, \pi 2 p_x^2 \approx \pi 2 p_y^2, \pi \star 2 p_x^1 \\ \text { Bond order }=\frac{1}{2}\left(N_b-N_a\right)=\frac{10-5}{2}=2.5 \end{gathered}$$

B. $\mathrm{CO}(6+8=14)=\sigma 1 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 1 s^2, \sigma 2 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 2 s^2, \sigma 2 p_z^2, \pi 2 p_x^2 \approx \pi 2 p_y^2$

Bond order $=\frac{10-4}{2}=3$

C. $\mathrm{O}_2^{-}(8+8+1=17)=\sigma 1 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 1 s^2, \sigma 2 s^2, \sigma * 2 s^2, \sigma 2 p_z^2, \pi 2 p_x^2 \approx \pi 2 p_y^2, \pi * 2 p_x^2 \approx \pi * 2 p_y^1$

Bond order $=\frac{10-7}{2}=1.5$

D. $\mathrm{O}_2(8+8=16)=\sigma 1 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 1 s^2, \sigma 2 s^2, \sigma^{\star} 2 s^2, \sigma 2 p_z^2, \pi 2 p_x^2 \approx \pi 2 p_y^2, \pi^{\star} 2 p_x^1 \approx \pi^{\star} 2 p_y^1$

Bond order $=\frac{10-6}{2}=2$

55
Subjective

Match the items given in Column I with examples given in Column II.

Column I Column II
A. Hydrogen bond 1. C
B. Resonance 2. LiF
C. Ionic solid 3. H$$_2$$
D. Covalent solid 4. HF
5. O$$_3$$

Explanation

A. $\rightarrow$ (4)

B. $\rightarrow$ (5)

C. $\rightarrow$ (2)

D. $\rightarrow$ (1)

A. Hydrogen bond $\rightarrow \mathrm{HF}$

B. Resonance $\rightarrow \mathrm{O}_3$

C. Ionic bond $\rightarrow$ LiF

D. Covalent solid $\rightarrow \mathrm{C}$

56
Subjective

Match the shape of molecules in Column I with the type of hybridisation in Column II.

Column I Column II
A. Tetrahedral 1. sp$$^2$$
B. Trigonal 2. sp
D. Linear 4. sp$$^3$$

Explanation

A. $\rightarrow(3)$

B. $\rightarrow(1)$

C. $\rightarrow(2)$

A. Tetrahedral shape $-s p^3$ hybridisation

B. Trigonal shape $-s p^2$ hybridisation

C. Linear shape - sp hybridisation