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17
Subjective

Would the Bohr formula for the H -atom remain unchanged if proton had a charge $(+4 / 3) e$ and electron a charge $(-3 / 4) e$, where $e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} \mathrm{C}$. Give reasons for your answer.

Explanation

If proton had a charge $(+4 / 3) e$ and electron a charge $(-3 / 4) e$, then the Bohr formula for the H -atom remain same, since the Bohr formula involves only the product of the charges which remain constant for given values of charges.

18
Subjective

Consider two different hydrogen atoms. The electron in each atom is in an excited state. Is it possible for the electrons to have different energies but the same orbital angular momentum according to the Bohr model?

Explanation

According to Bohr model electrons having different energies belong to different levels having different values of $n$. So, their angular momenta will be different, as

$$L=\frac{n h}{2 \pi} \text { or } L \propto n$$

19
Subjective

Positronium is just like a H -atom with the proton replaced by the positively charged anti-particle of the electron (called the positron which is as massive as the electron). What would be the ground state energy of positronium?

Explanation

The total energy of the electron in the stationary states of the hydrogen atom is given by

$$E_n=-\frac{m e^4}{8 n^2 \varepsilon_0^2 h^2}$$

where signs are as usual and the $m$ that occurs in the Bohr formula is the reduced mass of electron and proton. Also, the total energy of the electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV . For H -atom reduced mass $m_e$. Whereas for positronium, the reduced mass is

$$m \approx \frac{m_e}{2}$$

Hence, the total energy of the electron in the ground state of the positronium atom is

$$\frac{-13.6 \mathrm{eV}}{2}=-6.8 \mathrm{~eV}$$

20
Subjective

Assume that there is no repulsive force between the electrons in an atom but the force between positive and negative charges is given by Coulomb's law as usual. Under such circumstances, calculate the ground state energy of a He-atom.

Explanation

For a He -nucleus with charge $2 e$ and electrons of charge $-e$, the energy level in ground state is

$$-E_n=Z^2 \frac{-13.6 \mathrm{eV}}{n^2}=2^2 \frac{-13.6 \mathrm{eV}}{1^2}=-54.4 \mathrm{eV}$$

Thus, the ground state will have two electrons each of energy $E$ and the total ground state energy would be $-(4 \times 13.6) \mathrm{eV}=-54.4 \mathrm{eV}$.

21
Subjective

Using Bohr model, calculate the electric current created by the electron when the H -atom is in the ground state.

Explanation

The electron in Hydrogen atom in ground state revolves on a circular path whose radius is equal to the Bohr radius $\left(a_n\right)$.

Let the velocity of electron is $v$.

$\therefore \quad$ Number of revolutions per unit time $=\frac{2 \pi a_0}{v}$

The electric current is given by $i=\frac{q}{t}$, if $q$ charge flows in timet. Here, $q=e$ The electric current is given by $i=\frac{2 \pi a_0}{v} e$.