Match the class of compounds given in Column I with their functions given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Antagonists | 1. | Communicate message between two neurons and that between neurons to muscles. |
| B. | Agonists | 2. | Bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function. |
| C. | Chemical messenger | 3. | Crucial to body's communication process. |
| D. | Inhibitors | 4. | Mimic the natural messenger. |
| E. | Receptors | 5. | Inhibit activities of enzymes. |
A. $\rightarrow$ (2) B. $\rightarrow(4)$ C. $\rightarrow$ (1) D. $\rightarrow$ (5) E. $\rightarrow$ (3)
A. Antagonist drugs are used when blocking of message is required. e.g., dopamine antagonist is a drug which blocks the dopamine receptors by receptor antagonism.
B. Agonist drugs are useful when there is lack of chemical messenger. e.g., heroin.
C. These chemical messengers are received at the binding sites of receptor. These communicate message between two neurons and that between neurons to muscles.
D. Inhibitors block the binding site of the enzyme and prevent the binding of the substrate, or inhibit the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
E. Receptors are proteins that are crucial to body's communication. They are embedded in the cell membrane in such a way that their small part possessing active site projects out of the surface of the membrane and opens on the outside region of the cell membrane.
Match the classes of drugs given in Column I with their action given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Analgesics | 1. | Inhibit the growth of microorganisms can be given orally |
| B. | Antiseptics | 2. | Treatment of stress |
| C. | Antihistamines | 3. | Applied to inanimate objects |
| D. | Antacids | 4. | Prevents the interaction of histamine with its receptor |
| E. | Tranquilizers | 5. | Pain killing effect |
| F. | Antibiotics | 6. | Applied to diseased skin surfaces |
| G. | Disinfectants | 7. | Treatment of acidity |
A. $\rightarrow$ (5) B. $\rightarrow(6)$ C. $\rightarrow(4)$ D. $\rightarrow$ (7) E. $\rightarrow$ (2) F. $\rightarrow$ (1) G. $\rightarrow(3)$
A. Analgesics reduce or abolish pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion, in coordination or paralysis or some other disturbances of nervous system, e.g., aspirin.
B. Antiseptics are the chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of mircoorganisms. They are applied to living tissues such as wounds, cuts etc., e.g., tincture of iodine.
C. Antihistamines are anti-allergic drugs. These drugs interfere with the natural action of histamine by competing with histamine for binding sites of receptor where histamine exerts its effect. e.g., seldane.
D. Antacids are used to neutralise excess of acid released in stomach e.g., mixture of $\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_2$ and $\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_3$.
E. Tranquilizers are used for the treatment of stress, and mild or even severe mental diseases e.g., equanil.
F. Antibiotics are antimicrobial drugs. Antibiotics are used as drugs to treat infections because of their low toxicity for humans and animals e.g., chloramphenicol.
G. Disinfectants are the chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms but they can be applied on non-living objects e.g., 1 per cent solution of phenol.
Assertion (A) Penicillin (G) is an antihistamine.
Reason (R) Penicillin (G) is effective against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria.
Assertion (A) Sulpha drug contain sulphonamide group.
Reason (R) Salvarsan is a sulpha drug.
Assertion (A) Receptors are crucial to body's communication process.
Reason (R) Receptors are proteins.