How do you explain the presence of all the six carbon atoms in glucose in a straight chain?
Glucose on heating with HI produces $n$-hexane.
This suggests that all the six carbon atoms of glucose are linked in a straight chain.
In nucleoside, a base is attached at $1^{\prime}$ position of sugar moiety. Nucleotide is formed by linking of phosphoric acid unit to the sugar unit of nucleoside. At which position of sugar unit is the phosphoric acid linked in a nucleoside to give a nucleotide?
Phosphoric acid is linked at 5'-position of sugar moiety of nucleoside to give a nucleotide.
Name the linkage connecting monosaccharide units in polysaccharides.
Glycosidic linkage connects monosaccharide units in polysaccharides.
Under what condtions glucose is converted to gluconic acid and saccharide acid?
Glucose on oxidation with $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ produces gluconic acid (six carbon carboxylic acid).
Glucose on oxidation with nitric acid produces saccharic acid. (dicarboxylic acid)
Monosaccharides contain carbonyl group hence are classified, as aldose or ketose. The number of carbon atoms present in the monosaccharide molecule are also considered for classification. In which class of monosaccharide will you place fructose?
Monosaccharides contain carbonyl group.
Hence, are classified as aldose or ketose.
When aldehyde group is present, the monosaccharides are known as aldose. When ketone group is present, the monosaccharides are known as ketose. Fructose has molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6$ containing 6 carbon and keto group and is classified as ketohexose.
