Under which of the following reaction conditions, aniline gives p-nitro derivative as the major product?
Which of the following reactions belong to electrophilic aromatic substitution?
What is the role of $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ in the nitrating mixture used for nitration of benzene?
$\mathrm{HNO}_3$ acts as a base in the nitrating mixture and provide the electrophile, $\mathrm{NO}_2^{+}$on reaction with $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ as follows
$$\mathrm{\mathop {HN{O_3}}\limits_{Base} + \mathop {{H_2}S{O_4}}\limits_{Acid} \buildrel {} \over \longrightarrow \mathop {{H_2}N{O_3}}\limits_{conjugate\,acid} + HSO_4^ - \buildrel {} \over \longrightarrow \mathop {NO_2^ + }\limits_{Electrophile} + HSO_4^ - + {H_2}O}$$
Why is $\mathrm{NH}_2$ group of aniline acetylated before carrying out nitration?
In order to check the activation of benzene ring by amino group, first it is acetylated with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride in presence of pyridine to form acetanilide which can be further nitrated easily by nitrating mixture.
What is the product when $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$ reacts with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ ?
$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$ on reaction with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ produces $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{~N}_2^{+} \mathrm{Cl}^{-}$as follows
