The correct IUPAC name of the following compounds are given below

(a)

IUPAC name $\to$ 3-ethyl-5-methylhexan-2, 4-diol.

IUPAC name $\rightarrow$ 1-methoxy-3-nitrocyclohexane.

The IUPAC name of the compound given below is

3-methylpent-2-ene-1, 2-diol.

Solubility of alcohols in water depends upon the two factors.

(i) Hydrogen bonding Higher the extent of hydrogen bonding, higher is the solubility. The hydrogen group of alcohol form hydrogen bonding. Solubility increases with increase in the number of - OH groups in alcohols of comparable molecular masses.

(I) Compound (II) will form stronger H -bond due to two - OH group and hence has higher boiling point.

(ii) Size of alkyl/aryl group Higher the size of alkyl/aryl group (hydrocarbon part), lower is the extent of hydrogen bonding and lower is the solubility. Hence,

$$\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}>\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}>\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$$

Alcohol is used in large quantities in the manufacture of alcoholic liquors. Its continuous use damages the various vital organs. Therefore, to refrain the people from drinking alcohol, heavy excise duty is levied on the sale of alcoholic beverages. But, it is used in various industries as it is a very good solvent.

Therefore, industrial alcohol must be cheap. Thus, to provide cheaper alcohol to industries and to refrain people from drinking alcohol, it is mixed with some copper sulphate, pyridine, methyl alcohol or acetone.

Alcohol is made unfit for drinking by mixing some quantity of any of these substances in it. This is called denatured alcohol.

The given reactant is .

It is a secondary alcohol. Secondary alcohol gives ketone when oxidises by CrO$_3$ or pyridinium chlorochromate without carrying out oxidation at the double bond.