A. $\rightarrow(4)$ B. $\rightarrow(5)$ C. $\rightarrow$ (2) D. $\rightarrow$ (1)

A. $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$ is a symmetrical ether so the products are $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}$.

B. $\operatorname{In}\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$ unsymmetrical ether, one alkyl group is primary while another is secondary. So, it follows $\mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}}{ }^2$ mechanism. Thus, the halide ion attacks the smaller alkyl group and the products are

C. In this case, one of the alkyl group is tertiary and the other is primary. It follows $S_N{ }^1$ mechanism and halide ion attacks the tertiary alkyl group and the products are $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{I}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}$.

D. Here, the unsymmetrical ether is alkyl aryl ether. In this ether $\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$ bond is weaker than $\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$ bond which has partial double bond character due to resonance. So, the halide ion attacks on alkyl group and the products are $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{OH}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}$.

A. $\rightarrow(5)$ B. $\rightarrow(6)$ C. $\rightarrow(4)$ D. $\rightarrow(3)$ E. $\rightarrow$ (1) F. $\rightarrow$ (2)

A. IUPAC name of ethylene glycol is ethane $-1,2$ - diol. It is primarily used as raw material in the manufacturing of polyester fibers and fabric industry. A small percentage of it is used in antifreeze formulations.

B. Ethanol is a good solvent for fatty and waxy substances. Fats and waxes provide odour to the perfumes. Apart from being a good solvent, it is less irritating to the skin. So, it is used in perfumes.

C. Phenol is converted into picric acid (2, 4, 6-trinitro-phenol) by the reaction of phenol with conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$.

D. Methanol, $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}$ is also known as 'wood spirit' as it was produced by the destructive distillation of wood.

E. Neutral ferric chloride give purple/red colour when treated with phenols. It is the reagent used for detection of phenolic group.

F. Soaps are prepared by the reactions of fatty acid with NaOH .

This glycerol (propan-1,2,3-triol) is the by product of soap industry and used in cosmetics.

A. $\rightarrow(4)$ B. $\rightarrow$ (1) C. $\rightarrow(6)$ D. $\rightarrow$ (5) E. $\rightarrow$ (3) F. $\rightarrow$ (2)

A. Methanol is also known as 'wood spirit' as it was produced by the destructive distillation of wood.

B. In Kolbe's reaction, 2 - hydroxy benzoic acid (salicylic acid) is prepared by the reaction of phenol with $\mathrm{CO}_2$ gas.

C. Williamson synthesis is an important method for the preparation of ethers. In this method, an alkyl halide is allowed to react with sodium alkoxide.

$$R-X+R-\mathrm{ONa} \longrightarrow \mathrm{ROR}+\mathrm{NaX}$$

D. When a $2^{\circ}$ alcohol is allowed to pass over heated copper at 573 K , dehydrogenation takes place and an ketone is formed.

E. On treating phenol with chloroform in the presence of NaOH , an aldehydic group is introduced at ortho position of benzene ring

F. Ethanol is prepared by the fermentation of sugars.

$$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \xrightarrow{\text { Invertase }} \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6 \\ & \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6 \xrightarrow{\text { Zymase }} 2 \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}+2 \mathrm{CO}_2 \end{aligned}$$