Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure's Question 27 | Chemistry XI - Part 1 | NCERT Exemplar Questions

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MCQ (Multiple Correct Answer)

Which of the following statements are correct about $\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$ ?

The hybridisation of central atom is $s p^3$

Its resonance structure has one $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}$ single bond and two $\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}$ double bonds

The average formal charge on each oxygen atom is 0.67 units

All C$$-$$O bond lengths are equal

MCQ (Multiple Correct Answer)

Diamagnetic species are those which contain no unpaired electrons. Which among the following are diamagnetic?

$\mathrm{N}_2$

$\mathrm{N}_2^{2-}$

$\mathrm{O}_2$

$\mathrm{O}_2^{2-}$

MCQ (Multiple Correct Answer)

Species having same bond order are

$\mathrm{N}_2$

$\mathrm{N}_2^{-}$

$\mathrm{F}_2^{+}$

$\mathrm{O}_2^{-}$

MCQ (Multiple Correct Answer)

Which of the following statements are not correct?

NaCl being an ionic compound is a good conductor of electricity in the solid state

In canonical structure there is a difference in the arrangement of atoms

Hybrid orbitals form stronger bonds than pure orbitals

VSEPR theory can explain the square planar geometry of $\mathrm{XeF}_4$

Subjective

Explain the non-linear shape of $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}$ and non-planar shape of $\mathrm{PCl}_3$ using valence shell electron pair repulsion theory.

Explanation

Central atom of $\mathrm{H}_2$ is S . There are 6 electrons in its valence shell $\left({ }_{16} \mathrm{~S}=2,8,6\right)$. Two electrons are shared with two H -atoms and the remaining four electrons are present as two lone pairs.

Hence, total pairs of electrons are four ( 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs). Due to the presence of 2 lone pairs the shape becomes distorted tetrahedral or angular or bent (non-linear).

$\mathrm{PCl}_3$-Central atom is phosphorus. There are 5 electrons in its valence shell $\left({ }_{15} \mathrm{P}=2,8,5\right)$. Three electrons are shared with three Cl -atoms and the remaining two electrons are present as one lone pair. Hence, total pairs of electrons are four ( 1 lone pair and 3 bond pairs). Due to the presence of one lone pair, the shape becomes pyramidal (non-planar).

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