Interaction between two species is called interspecific interaction. These could be beneficial, detrimental or neutral to one of the species or both.

Commensalism is an interaction where one species is benefitted and the other is unaffected. e.g., an orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch.

Parasitism is the association in which one species produces poisonous substance or a change in environmental conditions that is harmful to another species. Examples are protozoans such as Amoeba and Plasmodium vivax that lives in human body and cause diseases.

Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a fungus and the root of higher plants like conifers i.e., Pinus and leguminous plants.

Halophytes emergent land plants that can tolerate the salinities of sea and are even able to maintain their water supply from the same are called as halophytes.