$$ \text { Match the scientists listed under column I with ideas listed column II. } $$
| Column | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Darwin | 1. | Abiogenesis |
| B. | Oparin | 2. | Use and disuse of organs |
| C. | Lamarck | 3. | Continental drift theory |
| D. | Wagner | 4. | Evolution by natural selection |
$$ \begin{aligned} &\text { Codes }\\ &\begin{array}{llll} A & B & C & D \end{array} \end{aligned} $$
$\begin{array}{llll}\text { } 1 & 4 & 2 & 3\end{array}$
$$ \begin{aligned} &\text { Codes }\\ &\begin{array}{llll} A & B & C & D \end{array} \end{aligned} $$
$\begin{array}{llll}\text { } 4 & 1 & 2 & 3\end{array}$
$$ \begin{aligned} &\text { Codes }\\ &\begin{array}{llll} A & B & C & D \end{array} \end{aligned} $$
$\begin{array}{llll}\text { } 2 & 4 & 3 & 1\end{array}$
$$ \begin{aligned} &\text { Codes }\\ &\begin{array}{llll} A & B & C & D \end{array} \end{aligned} $$
$\begin{array}{llll}\text { } 4 & 3 & 2 & 1\end{array}$
In 1953 SL Miller created primitive earth conditions in the laboratory and gave experimental evidence for origin of first form of life from pre-existing non-living organic molecules. The primitive earth conditions created include
low temperature, volcanic storms, atmosphere rich in oxygen
low temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere
high temperature, volcanic storms, non-reducing atmosphere
high temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing $\mathrm{CH}_4, \mathrm{NH}_3$ etc.
Variations during mutations of meiotic recombinations are
random and directionless
random and directional
random and small
random, small and directional
$$ \text { What were the characteristics of life forms that had been fossilised? } $$
The organisms with hard parts are likely to be fossilised, than those who do not have such parts. The harder the material, better it would be preserved soft parts fossils occur rarely, e.g., birds and pterosaurs have very light bones, hollowed out and specialised for flight.
So, they have sparser fossil record as compared to mammals, whose bones are partially mineralised during life.
Did aquatic life forms get fossilised? If, yes where do we come across such fossils?
Yes, aquatic forms of life do get fossilised, infact, there are more aquatic than terrestrial fossil organisms. Such fossils of sea creatures are found in mountains as opposed to deep sea beds.
This is because the rocks in which the fossils are found used to be at the bottom of oceans. Due to the changes in the crustal plates over time, the ocean sediments were pushed up to form mountains.